Preheat the oven to 425°F. Line a large rimmed sheet pan with parchment or foil for easier cleanup.
Toss the quartered potatoes with 2 tbsp of the olive oil, 2 tsp Italian seasoning, garlic powder, and a generous pinch of salt and pepper. Spread them in a single layer on the prepared sheet pan, leaving space in the center for the salmon later.
Roast the potatoes for 18–20 minutes, shaking the pan or stirring once halfway through, until the edges are golden and beginning to crisp.
While the potatoes start roasting, make the glaze: whisk together melted butter, honey, Dijon mustard and the lemon zest in a small bowl until smooth. Pat the salmon dry and season both sides lightly with salt, pepper and a light dusting of Italian seasoning.
When the potatoes have about 12–14 minutes left, remove the pan from the oven. Push the potatoes toward the edges to create space and place the salmon fillets skin-side down in the empty center. Arrange the asparagus in a single cluster on the pan. Drizzle the asparagus with the remaining 1 tbsp olive oil and season with salt and pepper.
Brush the tops of the salmon generously with the honey-Dijon glaze. Tuck lemon slices among the asparagus spears for bright flavor.
Return the sheet pan to the oven and roast 12–14 minutes more, until the salmon flakes easily and the asparagus is tender-crisp. If you like a slightly caramelized finish on the glaze, switch the oven to broil and broil 1–2 minutes, watching closely so it doesn't burn.
Remove the pan and let the salmon rest 3–5 minutes. Squeeze any roasted lemon over the fish and vegetables before serving.